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Determination of pH of Water – Lab Experiment

Determination of pH of Water – Lab Experiment

The pH of water is an important parameter used to measure the acidity or alkalinity of a water sample. It helps in assessing water quality and determining whether the water is suitable for drinking, domestic use, or industrial purposes.

The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14. A pH value less than 7 indicates acidic water, pH equal to 7 indicates neutral water, and pH greater than 7 indicates alkaline water.

Aim

To determine the pH value of a given water sample using a pH meter.

Apparatus Required

  • pH meter
  • Glass electrode
  • Beakers
  • Distilled water
  • Buffer solution
  • Water sample
  • Tissue paper

Theory

The pH value represents the concentration of hydrogen ions present in a solution. A pH meter measures the electrical potential difference between a reference electrode and a glass electrode immersed in the water sample.

The recommended pH range for drinking water is generally between 6.5 and 8.5. Water outside this range may affect taste, corrosion of pipes, and the efficiency of water treatment processes.

Procedure

  1. Switch on the pH meter and allow it to stabilize.
  2. Calibrate the instrument using standard buffer solutions.
  3. Rinse the electrode with distilled water.
  4. Pour the water sample into a clean beaker.
  5. Dip the electrode into the water sample.
  6. Wait for the reading to stabilize.
  7. Note the pH value displayed on the meter.

Observation

Sample pH Value Nature of Water
Water Sample ______ Acidic / Neutral / Alkaline

Result

The pH value of the given water sample was determined using a pH meter.

pH of the sample = ______

Precautions

  • Calibrate the pH meter before taking readings.
  • Rinse the electrode with distilled water before and after use.
  • Handle the electrode carefully to avoid damage.
  • Ensure the electrode is properly immersed in the sample.

Conclusion

The experiment helps determine the acidity or alkalinity of water. The pH value is an important parameter used to evaluate water quality and suitability for drinking and environmental purposes.

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